认识300年来形成的世界秩序及其性质，是我们理解比较政治发展的前提性条件。在这个世界秩序下，形成了两大竞争性的政治发展秩序——资本秩序和民本秩序。比较发现，资本秩序不但在非西方国家难以实现有效治理，就是在其发源地国家都出现困境。但是，几百年来为资本权力论述的社会科学依然是最强大的知识体系，从而遮蔽了人们的政治认知力。

Understanding the world order which existed for 300 years and its nature is a prerequisite for us to comprehend the development of comparative politics. It is under this world order that two major political order—capital-centric and people-centric—have developed. It has been found through comparison that the capital-centric political order cannot achieve effective governance in non-Western countries, and is also faced difficulties in the countries where it originated. However, the social sciences that have endorsed for capital power for centuries are still the most powerful knowledge system, thus obscuring people's political cognition.

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清华大学国情研究院

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